Peptide yog ib qho organic compound, uas yog dehydrated los ntawm cov amino acids thiab muaj carboxyl thiab amino pawg.Nws yog ib qho amphoteric compound.Polypeptide yog ib qho chaw tsim los ntawm cov amino acids txuas ua ke los ntawm peptide bonds.Nws yog ib qho khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov protein hydrolysis.Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej thiab condensation ntawm 10 ~ 100 amino acid molecules, thiab nws qhov hnyav molecular yog tsawg dua 10000Da.Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ib daim nyias nyias nyias thiab tsis yog los ntawm trichloroacetic acid thiab ammonium sulfate, suav nrog bioactive peptides thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws peptides.
Cov tshuaj polypeptide xa mus rau polypeptides nrog cov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, kev sib txuas ntawm cov noob thiab cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag rho tawm, uas feem ntau muab faib ua endogenous polypeptides (xws li enkephalin thiab thymosin) thiab lwm yam exogenous polypeptides (xws li nab venom thiab sialic acid).Tus txheeb ze molecular hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj polypeptide yog nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj protein thiab cov tshuaj micromolecule, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj micromolecule thiab cov tshuaj protein.Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj micromolecule, cov tshuaj polypeptide muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog thiab muaj zog tshwj xeeb.Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj protein, cov tshuaj polypeptide muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, siab purity thiab tus nqi qis.
Polypeptide tuaj yeem ncaj qha thiab nquag nqus los ntawm lub cev, thiab kev nqus nrawm nrawm, thiab kev nqus ntawm polypeptide yog qhov tseem ceeb.Tsis tas li ntawd, peptides tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog nqa cov as-ham, tab sis kuj tseem xa cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj ntawm tes mus rau cov hlab ntsha.Cov tshuaj polypeptide muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, kev xaiv siab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab siab lub hom phiaj affinity, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lawv kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub neej luv luv, tsis zoo cell membrane permeability thiab ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tswj hwm.
Hauv kev pom ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj polypeptide, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm txoj kev txhim kho peptides txhawm rau txhim kho bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj polypeptide.Cyclization ntawm peptides yog ib txoj hauv kev los txhim kho peptides, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cyclic peptides tau coj kaj ntug rau cov tshuaj polypeptide.Cyclic peptides muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tshuaj vim tias lawv cov metabolic stability zoo, kev xaiv thiab affinity, cell membrane permeability thiab qhov ncauj muaj.Cyclic peptides muaj cov haujlwm lom xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab yog cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov tshuaj cyclic peptide tau nyiam heev, thiab cov tuam txhab tshuaj tau ua raws li cov qauv ntawm kev tsim tshuaj tshiab thiab tso tawm cov tshuaj cyclic peptide taug qab ib qho tom qab.
Dr. Chen Shiyu los ntawm Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb tau qhia txog cov tshuaj cyclic peptide tau pom zoo los ntawm 2001 txog 2021 hauv nws cov tshuaj cyclic peptide tau pom zoo hauv ob yam tshuaj kawg.Hauv 20 xyoo dhau los, muaj 18 hom tshuaj cyclic peptide nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, ntawm cov uas muaj pes tsawg tus cyclic peptides ua rau cell phab ntsa synthesis thiab β-1,3- glucanase lub hom phiaj yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, nrog 3 hom txhua.Cov tshuaj pom zoo cyclic peptide suav nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob, endocrine, digestive system, metabolism, qog / tiv thaiv kab mob thiab hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb, ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab endocrine cyclic peptide cov tshuaj suav txog 66.7%.Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cyclization hom, muaj ntau yam cyclic peptide tshuaj cyclized los ntawm disulfide bonds thiab cyclized los ntawm amide bonds, thiab 7 thiab 6 tshuaj tau pom zoo raws li.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-18-2023